2014考研英語翻譯指導(dǎo)：反譯法詳解

   反譯法：一個問題有時可以從不同的角度來解釋說明。有些句子英語是從正面說的，漢語可以從反面來解釋。

　　1)否定譯成肯定。如:

　　I never passed the theatre but I thought of his last performance.每一次經(jīng)過那家劇院，我都會想起他的最后一次演出。

　　There is no rule that has no exception.任何規(guī)則都有例外。（雙重否定）　Hardly a month goes by without word of another survey revealing new depths of scientific illiteracy among U.S. citizens.美國公民科盲日益嚴(yán)重，這種調(diào)查報告幾乎月月都有。（雙重否定）（真題示范）　　The United Nations Organization has not, so far, justified the hopes which the people of the world set on it.到目前為止，聯(lián)合國辜負(fù)了世界人民寄予的希望。

Under such times as mankind has the sense to lower its population to the point where the planet can provide a comfortable support for all, people will have to accept more“unnatural food”.除非人類終于意識到要把人口減少到這樣的程度，使地球能為所有的人提供足夠的飲食，否則人們將不得不接受更多的“人造食品”。（真題示范）

　　2)肯定譯成否定。如:

　　Everyone has the right to be free from hunger.人人有不挨餓的權(quán)利?！his will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields.這種困境將是確定無疑的，因為能源的匱乏使農(nóng)業(yè)無法以高能量消耗、投入少數(shù)農(nóng)民就可能獲得高產(chǎn)的美國耕種方式繼續(xù)下去了。（真題示范）

　　Mean are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers.男人們很聰明，他們不會上時裝設(shè)計者們的當(dāng)。（將肯定句翻譯成否定句）

　　He showed unfeigned satisfaction at his friend’s success.他對朋友的成功表現(xiàn)出真正的滿足。

The target is wrong, for in attacking the tests, critics divert attention from the fault that lies with ill-informed or incompetent users.把標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化測試作為抨擊目標(biāo)是錯誤的，因為在抨擊這類測試時，批評者不考慮其弊病來自人們對測試不甚了解或使用不當(dāng)。（真題示范）

　　The conclusion we reached in Britain is that change simply cannot sensibly be put off.我們英國人得出的結(jié)論是，改革是大勢所趨。（be put off是被動語態(tài)，如果譯成“不能合乎情理地被推遲”，漢語顯得別扭，所以采用反譯的方法。）