2015q考研p语法辅导Q被动语态的用法_跨考网
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一、被动语态的用法
1. 一般现在时的被动语态构成：(x)is / am / are + ?qing)物动词的过d?/p>
Our classroom is cleaned everyday. 我们教室每天都被打扫?/p>
I am asked to study hard. 我被告知要努力学?fn)?/p>
Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用来切东西的?/p>
2. 一般过L的被动语态构成：(x)was / were + ?qing)物动词的过d?/p>
A new shop was built last year. d修了(jin)一座新商店?/p>
Dinosaur eggs were laid long long ago. 恐龙蛋被攄?jin)很久很久?/p>
3. 一般将来时的被动语态构成：(x)will+ be + ?qing)物动词的过d?/p>
A new hospital will be built in our city. 我们城市(jng)要修徏一家新医院?/p>
Many more trees will be planted next year. 明年?x)种更多的?wi)?/p>
4. 现在q行时的被动语态构成：(x)am / is / are + being + ?qing)物动词的过d?/p>
Uncle Wang is mending my bike now.?My bike is being repaired by Tom now. 王叔叔正在修理我的自行R?/p>
They are planting trees over there. ?Trees are being planted over there by them. 他们在那里种植的?wi)木?/p>
5. 现在完成时的被动语态构成：(x)has / have + been + ?qing)物动词的过d?/p>
This book has been translated into many languages. q本书被译成多U文字?/p>
Many man-made satellites have been sent up into space by many countries.
在许多国家有许多人造卫星被送上?jin)太I?/p>
6.q去q行时的被动语态构成：(x)was/were + being + ?qing)物动词的过d?/p>
The boy was being operated on when his parents hurried to the hospital.
当他的父母赶到医院的时候这个男孩正在做手术?/p>
The new road was being made.q条新\正在修筑?/p>
7.q去完成时的被动语态构成：(x)had + been + ?qing)物动词的过d?/p>
The classroom hadn‟t been cleaned before the teacher came. 在老师来之前，教室未打扫?/p>
The tickets had been sold out before I came to the cinema.在门被销售一I前我赶C(jin)?sh)?jing)院?/p>
8.来完成时的被动语态构成：(x)shall/will + have done
They will have been married for 20 years by then. 届时Q他们结婚将?0周年?/p>
The project will have been completed before May.该项目将在五月前完成?/p>
9.含有情态动词的被动语态构成：(x)情态动? be + ?qing)物动词的过d?/p>
Young trees must be watered often. 树(wi)需要经常浇水?/p>
Your mistakes should be corrected right now. 你应该现在就Ҏ(gu)你的错误?/p>
The door may be locked inside. q扇门可以反锁?/p>
Your homework can be handed in tomorrow. 你的家庭作业可以明天交?/p>
二、主动语态变被动语?/strong>
步骤Q?/p>
1. 先找?gu)语动?
2. 再找?gu)语动词后的宾?
3. 把宾语用作被动语态中的主?
4. 注意人称、时态和数的变化?/p>
1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter is written by Bruce every week. 布鲁斯每星期写一信?/p>
2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.→The broken bike was mended by Li Lei this morning.
李雷今天上午在修理坏的自行R?/p>
3. He has written two novels so far.→Two novels have been written by him so far. 至今他已写了(jin)两部说?/p>
4. They will plant ten trees tomorrow.→Ten trees will be planted by them tomorrow. 他们明天要U植十棵?wi)?/p>
5. Lucy is writing a letter now.→A letter is being written by Lucy now. 露西正在写信?/p>
6. You must lock the door when you leave.→the door must be locked when you leave. 当你d的时候你必须把门锁上?/p>
三、注意问?/strong>
1. 不及(qing)物动词无被动语态?/p>
What will happen in 100 years?一癑ֹ里会(x)发生什么事?
The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. U?5万年前恐龙灭l?/p>
2. 有些动词用主动Ş式表C动意义?/p>
This pen writes well. q支钢笔很好写?/p>
This new book sells well. q本C卖的很好?/p>
3. 感官动词或役动词用省略to的动词不定式Q主动语态中不带to Q但变(sh)ؓ(f)被动语态时Q须加上to?/p>
make somebody do something→somebody+ be +made to do something see somebody do something→somebody +be +seen to do something
A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by.→My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by.
一个女孩看到我的钱Ҏ(gu)?jin)当她经q的时候?/p>
The boss made the little boy do heavy work.→The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.
q个老板让这男孩干重活?/p>
4. 如果是接双宾语的动词改ؓ(f)被动语态时Q直接宾??作主语，那么动词后要用介词，q个介词是由与其搭配的动词决定?/p>
He gave me a book.→A book was given to me by him. 他给?jin)我一本书?/p>
He showed me a ticket.→A ticket was shown to me by him. 他给我展CZ(jin)一张票?/p>
My father bought me a new bike. →A new bike was bought for me by my father. 我父亲给我买?jin)一辆新自行车?/p>
5. 一些动词短语用于被动语态时Q动词短语应当看作一个整体，而不能丢掉其中的介词或副词?/p>
We can‟t laugh at him. →He can‟t be laugh at by us. 我们不能嘲笑他?/p>
He listens to the radio every day. →The radio is listened to by him every day. 他每天都收听q播?/p>
The nurse is taking care of the sick man. →The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.q护士在照顾q个虚弱的男人?/p>
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