2015考研英語一翻譯真題及來源

　　[估分]2015年考研英語估分

　　[答案]2015年考研英語真題答案

　　[解析]2015年考研英語真題解析

　　[下載]2015年考研英語真題及答案下載

　　文章來源于An Outline of American History，《美國歷史綱要》，是一本歷史學方面的專著。考研翻譯曾經(jīng)在1999年考過歷史學方面的話題，當初考的是歷史學科建立方面的爭論，關(guān)于歷史研究方法論的。今年的考題與1999年那篇歷史學文章的試題相比，簡單太多。但是與2014年考研翻譯試題相比，難度倒是上升了不小。

　　真題如下，大家參考：

　　Within the span of a hundred years, in the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, a tide of emigration -one of the great folk wanderings of history-swept from Europe to America. 46) This movement, impelled (命題人改寫為driven) by powerful and diverse(命題人刪除了這兩個詞)motivations, built a nation out of a wilderness and, by its nature, shaped the character and destiny of an uncharted continent.

　　47) The United States is the product of two principal forces-the immigration of European peoples with their varied ideas, customs, and national characteristics and the impact of a new country which modified these distinctly European cultural (命題人刪除了這三個詞)traits. Of necessity, colonial America was a projection of Europe. Across the Atlantic came successive groups of Englishmen, Frenchmen, Germans, Scots, Irishmen, Dutchmen, Swedes, and many others who attempted to transplant their habits and traditions to the new world. 48) But, inevitably,(命題人刪掉了這個詞) the force of geographic conditions peculiar to America, the interplay of the varied national groups upon one another, and the sheer difficulty of maintaining old-world ways in a raw, new continent caused significant changes. These changes were gradual and at first scarcely visible. But the result was a new social pattern which, although it resembled European society in many ways, had a character that was distinctly American.

　　49)The first shiploads of immigrants bound for the territory which is now the United States crossed the Atlantic more than a hundred years after the fifteenth- and sixteenth-century explorations of North America. In the meantime, thriving Spanish colonies had been established in Mexico, the West Indies, and South America. These travelers to North America came in small, unmercifully overcrowded craft. During their six- to twelve-week voyage, they subsisted on meager rations. Many of the ships were lost in storms, many passengers died of disease, and infants rarely survived the journey. Sometimes tempests blew the vessels far off their course, and often calm brought interminable delay.

　　To the anxious travelers the sight of the American shore brought almost inexpressible relief. Said one chronicler, "The air at twelve leagues' distance smelt as sweet as a new-blown garden." The colonists' first glimpse of the new land was a vista of dense woods. 50)The virgin forest with its profusion (命題人把這個詞改為richness) and variety of trees was a veritable (命題人把這個詞改為real) treasure-house which extended over 1,300 miles from Maine in the north to Georgia (命題人把這個部分改為：from Maine all the way down to Georgia) in the south. Here was abundant fuel and lumber. Here was the raw material of houses and furniture, ships and potash, dyes and naval stores.