2018考研英語(yǔ)：經(jīng)典語(yǔ)法長(zhǎng)難句解析（75）

　　If the rule of law and democracy are to survive in America we will need to address the decline in the public’s understanding of, and support for both. While we celebrate the Ninth Circuit’s decision on Trump’s ban, we also must initiate a national conversation about democracy and the rule of law. Civics education, long derided, needs to be revived.

　　長(zhǎng)難句解析：

　　If the rule of law and democracy are to survive in America we will need to address the decline in the public’s understanding of, and support for both.

　　主干識(shí)別：we will need to address the decline

　　切分成分：1.If the rule of law and democracy are to survive in America狀語(yǔ)從句

　　2.in the public’s understanding of, and support for both 定語(yǔ)

　　獨(dú)立成句：the decline in the public’s understanding of, and support for both

　　這里有一個(gè)并列，詳細(xì)的講就是：

　　the decline in the public’s understanding of both

　　the decline in the public’s support for both

　　(這樣的并列你識(shí)別出來(lái)了嗎?)

　　可以把decline轉(zhuǎn)譯為動(dòng)詞

　　民眾對(duì)于法治和民主的理解以及支持程度都在下降，

　　參考譯文：如果法治和民主在美國(guó)要繼續(xù)存在下去的話(huà)，我們就必須去應(yīng)對(duì)民 眾對(duì)于法治和民主的理解以及支持(程度)都在下降(的問(wèn)題)。

　　在翻譯時(shí)為了通順我們可以加上一些不改變句意的詞。

　　While we celebrate the Ninth Circuit’s decision on Trump’s ban, we also must initiate a national conversation about democracy and the rule of law.

　　詞匯突破：initiate a

　　長(zhǎng)難句解析：we also must initiate a national conversation about democracy and the rule of law

　　其他成分：While we celebrate the Ninth Circuit’s decision on Trump’s ban

　　雖然我們都在慶祝第九巡回法庭對(duì)于特朗普禁令的判決，

　　參考譯文：雖然我們都在慶祝第九巡回法庭對(duì)于特朗普禁令的判決，但我們必須發(fā)起一次全國(guó)性的關(guān)于民主和法治的大討論。

　　Civics education, long derided, needs to be revived

　　參考譯文:長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)被嘲笑的公民教育應(yīng)該復(fù)蘇了。

　　Civics education公民教育：公民教育的內(nèi)涵比較廣，簡(jiǎn)單的講就是教育學(xué)生如果成為一名能融入現(xiàn)行社會(huì)制度中的公民。其中重要的部分就是法治教育。法治教育的目標(biāo)是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在一個(gè)以法治為基礎(chǔ)的多元社會(huì)中所應(yīng)具有的知識(shí)、技能和價(jià)值觀(guān)。包括：遵從立憲民主;尊重人的基本尊嚴(yán)和權(quán)利;廣泛、積極、負(fù)責(zé)地參與公民生活;為社會(huì)公正做貢獻(xiàn);贊成合法解決社會(huì)沖突和差異。美國(guó)人在學(xué)校就逐步積累起對(duì)法律、制度的普遍信賴(lài)和尊崇。從這點(diǎn)說(shuō)，公民教育對(duì)推動(dòng)美國(guó)社會(huì)的法治建設(shè)功不可沒(méi)。在公民教育的熏陶下，法治在美國(guó)深入人心，成為美國(guó)人的人格操守，成為美國(guó)人遵循的生活方式。