2020考研英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法難點(diǎn)歸納:【主謂一致問(wèn)題】

最后更新時(shí)間:2019-07-04 14:37:21
輔導(dǎo)課程:暑期集訓(xùn) 在線(xiàn)咨詢(xún)
復(fù)習(xí)緊張,焦頭爛額?逆風(fēng)輕襲,來(lái)跨考秋季集訓(xùn)營(yíng),幫你尋方法,定方案! 了解一下>>

  七月已來(lái),在考研英語(yǔ)中,一些重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法考察頻率很高,因此各位考生要予以重視。語(yǔ)法是英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)的基礎(chǔ)。下面是小編整理的2020考研英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法難點(diǎn)歸納,希望可以對(duì)同學(xué)們?cè)趶?fù)習(xí)語(yǔ)法時(shí)能有所幫助,希望對(duì)2020考研的你帶來(lái)幫助!

  (四) 主謂一致問(wèn)題

  主謂一致是指主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)在數(shù)上要一致。把握主謂一致問(wèn)題,考生主要解決的是對(duì)不同結(jié)構(gòu)的主語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)的認(rèn)定,進(jìn)而選擇適當(dāng)?shù)闹^語(yǔ)。解決主謂一致主要遵循三個(gè)原則:

  語(yǔ)法一致原則

  意義一致原則

  就近一致原則

  很多情況下應(yīng)該綜合利用這三個(gè)原則來(lái)處理主謂一致,在不同情況下可能應(yīng)用三個(gè)原則中的不同原則,具體應(yīng)用哪種原則應(yīng)該視具體情況而定??偨Y(jié)如下:

  一.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)的情況

  1.動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)、不定式短語(yǔ)、名詞性從句做主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。如:

  Buying clothes is often a time-consuming job because those clothes that a person likes are rarely the cones that fit him or her.

  (1987年考研題)

  To understand the situation completely requires more thought than has been given thus far.

  2.表示時(shí)間、距離、金額、重量、面積、體積、容積等度量的名詞短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)。

  Two weeks was too long

  Five times five makes twenty five

  3.一般用and連接的兩個(gè)單詞或短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)候,謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù),但是下面用and連接的主語(yǔ)表示一個(gè)概念,謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù):

  law and order 法制 soap and water 肥皂水

  a cup and saucer 茶杯碟子 fork and knife 刀叉

  the needle and thread 針線(xiàn) trial and error 反復(fù)嘗試,不斷摸索

  horse and carriage 馬車(chē) time and tide 歲月

  bread and butter 奶油面包 the ebb and flow 盛衰,潮漲潮落

  如: If law and order not preserved, neither the citizen nor his property is safe.

  A. is B. are C. was d. were

  答案:A。

  4.表示學(xué)科和某些疾病名稱(chēng)的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)形式,作主語(yǔ)時(shí)候謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式

  Linguistics is a branch of study on human language.

  5.有些名詞形式上是復(fù)數(shù),意義上是單數(shù),根據(jù)意義一致原則動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)

  The chaos was stopped by the police

  The news is a great encouragement to us

  A series of debates between the lectures was scheduled for the next weekend.

  6.用and 連接的成份表示一個(gè)單一概念時(shí)候,動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)形式

  Bread and butter is our daily food

  Time and tide waits for no man

  二. 謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)情況

  1. 由and, both …and, 連接的并列主語(yǔ),和both ,a few, many ,several 等修飾語(yǔ)后面謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

  Few people know he and I were classmates when we were at college.

  2.集體名詞police, public, militia, cattle ,class ,youth后常用復(fù)數(shù)形式的動(dòng)詞

  The Chinese people are brave and hardworking

  The cattle are grazing in the sunshine

  3.當(dāng)表示民族的詞與冠詞合用當(dāng)主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式

  The Japanese were once very aggressive

  4.某些形容詞前面加定冠詞表示一類(lèi)人,做主語(yǔ)時(shí)候,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)

  The rich are not always selfish

  5.不可數(shù)名詞作主語(yǔ),其前有表示數(shù)量的復(fù)數(shù)名詞修飾時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)

  Three million tons of coal were exported that year

  三.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞可用單數(shù),也可以用復(fù)數(shù)的情況

  1. 就近一致原則

  這種情況下,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞使用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)取決于最靠近該動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù),存在這種情況的主要由以下幾種可能:

  1) 由連詞 either…or…; neither…nor…; whether… or…;not only…but (also) ;or 等連接的并列主語(yǔ)

  Neither money nor fame has influence on me

  Not only you but also he is wrong

  2) 在倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)中,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與后面的第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)一致

  Blocking the open-sided porch, framed by the enveloping fog, stands a tall grave-faced policeman.

  Just outside the ruins is a magnificent building surrounded by tall trees.

  Although a great number of houses in that area are still in need of repair, there has been improvement in the facili

  2. 主語(yǔ)帶有(together/along)with, such as, accompanied by, as well as, no less than, except, besides, with, combined with, in addition to , including, together with 等等附加成分,謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)不受附加成分的影響仍然與主語(yǔ)保持一致

  Professor Taylor , with six of his students ,is attending a conference in Boston organized to compare current practice in the United States with those of other nations.

  The president of the college, together with the deans, is planning a conference for the purpose of laying down certain regulations. (1981年考研題)

  3.關(guān)系代詞做主語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句中,謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)要與先行詞一致。如:

  Despite much research, there are still certain elements in the life cycle of the insect that are not fully understood.

  (1996年考研題)

  There are many valuable services which the public are willing to pay for, but which do not bring a return in money to the community.

  (1990年考研題)

  4.一些表示數(shù)量的短語(yǔ)與名詞連用時(shí)候,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)取決于名詞的數(shù),名詞是復(fù)數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù),反之就用單數(shù)。這些短語(yǔ)包括:a lot of /lots of; plenty of/heaps of; half of; two-third (three-fourth…) of; eighty(ten, twenty…) percent; part of; rest of ; none of 等等

  Two-thirds of people present are women

  Lots of damage was caused by the fire

  5.集體名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)取決于主語(yǔ)表示的意思和數(shù),當(dāng)表示整體時(shí)候,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就用單數(shù),當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)集體中的個(gè)體時(shí)候,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就用復(fù)數(shù)。這些集體名詞如:army, audience, band ,government ,group ,flock, police, public ,staff ,team ,troop. Crowd, firm, family 等等

  The family is the basic unit of our society

  The family were watching the TV

  The audience was enormous

  The audience were greatly moved at the words

  6.某些固定結(jié)構(gòu)中主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)的數(shù):

  第一組:

  a great many + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)

  a number of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)

  the majority of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)

  第二組;

  the number of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)

  each/every + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)

  neither/either of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)

  one and a half + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)

  第三組;

  more than one + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)

  many a + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù) 謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)

  第四組;

  the greater part of

  a large proportion of

  50% of

  one third of

  plenty of

  the rest of

  謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)與of 后面的名詞一致

  第五組;

  (n)either…(n)or….

  not only….. but also ……

  not …..but ……

  謂語(yǔ)的數(shù)與主語(yǔ)的第二部分(即(n)or/ but also/ but引導(dǎo)的后面部分)一致.

  注意比較:

  More students than one have been referred to

  More than one student is going to buy this book

  2022考研初復(fù)試已經(jīng)接近尾聲,考研學(xué)子全面進(jìn)入2023屆備考,跨考為23考研的考生準(zhǔn)備了10大課包全程準(zhǔn)備、全年復(fù)習(xí)備考計(jì)劃、目標(biāo)院校專(zhuān)業(yè)輔導(dǎo)、全真復(fù)試模擬練習(xí)和全程針對(duì)性指導(dǎo);2023考研的小伙伴針也已經(jīng)開(kāi)始擇校和復(fù)習(xí)了,跨考考研暢學(xué)5.0版本全新升級(jí),無(wú)論你在校在家都可以更自如的完成你的考研復(fù)習(xí),暑假集訓(xùn)營(yíng)帶來(lái)了院校專(zhuān)業(yè)初步選擇,明確方向;考研備考全年規(guī)劃,核心知識(shí)點(diǎn)入門(mén);個(gè)性化制定備考方案,助你贏在起跑線(xiàn),早出發(fā)一點(diǎn)離成功就更近一點(diǎn)!

點(diǎn)擊右側(cè)咨詢(xún)或直接前往了解更多

考研院校專(zhuān)業(yè)選擇和考研復(fù)習(xí)計(jì)劃
2023備考學(xué)習(xí) 2023線(xiàn)上線(xiàn)下隨時(shí)學(xué)習(xí) 34所自劃線(xiàn)院??佳袕?fù)試分?jǐn)?shù)線(xiàn)匯總
2022考研復(fù)試最全信息整理 全國(guó)各招生院??佳袕?fù)試分?jǐn)?shù)線(xiàn)匯總
2023全日制封閉訓(xùn)練 全國(guó)各招生院??佳姓{(diào)劑信息匯總
2023考研先知 考研考試科目有哪些? 如何正確看待考研分?jǐn)?shù)線(xiàn)?
不同院校相同專(zhuān)業(yè)如何選擇更適合自己的 從就業(yè)說(shuō)考研如何擇專(zhuān)業(yè)?
手把手教你如何選專(zhuān)業(yè)? 高校研究生教育各學(xué)科門(mén)類(lèi)排行榜

跨考考研課程

班型 定向班型 開(kāi)班時(shí)間 高定班 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)班 課程介紹 咨詢(xún)
秋季集訓(xùn) 沖刺班 9.10-12.20 168000 24800起 小班面授+專(zhuān)業(yè)課1對(duì)1+專(zhuān)業(yè)課定向輔導(dǎo)+協(xié)議加強(qiáng)課程(高定班)+專(zhuān)屬規(guī)劃答疑(高定班)+精細(xì)化答疑+復(fù)試資源(高定班)+復(fù)試課包(高定班)+復(fù)試指導(dǎo)(高定班)+復(fù)試班主任1v1服務(wù)(高定班)+復(fù)試面授密訓(xùn)(高定班)+復(fù)試1v1(高定班)
2023集訓(xùn)暢學(xué) 非定向(政英班/數(shù)政英班) 每月20日 22800起(協(xié)議班) 13800起 先行階在線(xiàn)課程+基礎(chǔ)階在線(xiàn)課程+強(qiáng)化階在線(xiàn)課程+真題階在線(xiàn)課程+沖刺階在線(xiàn)課程+專(zhuān)業(yè)課針對(duì)性一對(duì)一課程+班主任全程督學(xué)服務(wù)+全程規(guī)劃體系+全程測(cè)試體系+全程精細(xì)化答疑+擇校擇專(zhuān)業(yè)能力定位體系+全年關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)指導(dǎo)體系+初試加強(qiáng)課+初試專(zhuān)屬服務(wù)+復(fù)試全科標(biāo)準(zhǔn)班服務(wù)

①凡本網(wǎng)注明“稿件來(lái)源:跨考網(wǎng)”的所有文字、圖片和音視頻稿件,版權(quán)均屬北京尚學(xué)碩博教育咨詢(xún)有限公司(含本網(wǎng)和跨考網(wǎng))所有,任何媒體、網(wǎng)站或個(gè)人未經(jīng)本網(wǎng)協(xié)議授權(quán)不得轉(zhuǎn)載、鏈接、轉(zhuǎn)帖或以其他任何方式復(fù)制、發(fā)表。已經(jīng)本網(wǎng)協(xié)議授權(quán)的媒體、網(wǎng)站,在下載使用時(shí)必須注明“稿件來(lái)源,跨考網(wǎng)”,違者本網(wǎng)將依法追究法律責(zé)任。

②本網(wǎng)未注明“稿件來(lái)源:跨考網(wǎng)”的文/圖等稿件均為轉(zhuǎn)載稿,本網(wǎng)轉(zhuǎn)載僅基于傳遞更多信息之目的,并不意味著再通轉(zhuǎn)載稿的觀點(diǎn)或證實(shí)其內(nèi)容的真實(shí)性。如其他媒體、網(wǎng)站或個(gè)人從本網(wǎng)下載使用,必須保留本網(wǎng)注明的“稿件來(lái)源”,并自負(fù)版權(quán)等法律責(zé)任。如擅自篡改為“稿件來(lái)源:跨考網(wǎng)”,本網(wǎng)將依法追究法律責(zé)任。

③如本網(wǎng)轉(zhuǎn)載稿涉及版權(quán)等問(wèn)題,請(qǐng)作者見(jiàn)稿后在兩周內(nèi)速來(lái)電與跨考網(wǎng)聯(lián)系,電話(huà):400-883-2220