考研英語定語從句中that和which的區(qū)別有哪些？

　　暑期將至，英語復(fù)習(xí)一直是考研路上的一道難以跨越的砍，那么，2020考研英語該如何復(fù)習(xí)?在考研英語中，一些重點語法考察頻率很高，因此各位考生要予以重視。that與which兩者都可指物，常可互換。其區(qū)別主要在于它們在定語從句中的用法。下面幫大家總結(jié)一下關(guān)于which和that在定語從句中的區(qū)別，希望能對大家有所幫助。

　　(一)只能使用which的情況：

　　1. 引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時，通常要用which。

　　如：She received a bunch of roses from her boyfriend, which came as a surprise. 她收到了男朋友的一束玫瑰花，這是她意想不到的。

　　She has to work on Sundays, which she doesn’t like. 她得在星期天工作，她是不喜歡這樣的。

　　The Guangzhou team, which played so well last season, has done badly this season. 廣州隊上一個季度打得很好，這個季度卻打得很差。

　　2. 直接放在介詞后作賓語時，通常要用which。

　　如：The tool with which he is working is called a plier. 他干活用的那個工具叫做鉗子。

　　Mary may be late, in which case we ought to wait for her. 瑪麗可能晚到，那樣我們就要等等她。

　　The news report for which they were searching have been recovered. 他們找尋的新聞報道已找到了。

　　This morning some French wine came, for which I have to thank you. 今天早上送來一些法國紅酒，為此我得向你道謝。

　　(二)只能使用that的情況：

　　1. 當(dāng)先行詞是下列不定代詞或被它們修飾時，比如much, little, none, all, few, every(thing), any(thing), no(thing) 等時，通常用that。

　　如：There was little that the enemy could do but surrender. 敵人無法,只有投降了。

　　You should hand in all that you have. 你應(yīng)該把你所有的都交上來。

　　Do you have everything that you need? 你需要的東西都有了嗎?

　　She would never do anything that was not approved of by her parents. 她父母不贊同的事她絕不會做。

　　2. 當(dāng)先行詞有the very, the only, the same 等修飾時，通常用that。

　　如：This is the only example that I know. 我知道的例子只有這一個。

　　The only thing that we can do is to give you some money. 我們唯一能做的就是給你一些錢。

　　You are the very person that I am looking for. 原來你就是我要找的那個人。

　　3. 當(dāng)先行詞有形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞(包括last, next等)等修飾時，通常用that。

　　如：This is the best dictionary that I’ve ever used. 這是我用過的最好的詞典。

　　He is the last person that I want to see. 他是我最不愿意見到的人。

　　The first thing that you should do is to work out a plan. 你應(yīng)該做的第一件事是訂個計劃。

　　4. 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中用作表語時，通常用that。

　　如：South Africa is not the country (that) it was. 南非已不是過去的南非了。

　　5. 當(dāng)先行詞又有人又有物時，即當(dāng)先行詞是一個既指人又指物的并列詞組時，通常用that。

　　如：They talked about the persons and things that most impressed them. 他們談?wù)摿耸顾麄冇∠笞钌畹娜撕褪隆?/p>

　　I won’t forget the things and the persons that I saw. 我不會忘記我看到的人和事。

　　6. 當(dāng)要避免重復(fù)時，即主句是以which或who開頭的特殊疑問句時，通常用that。

　　如：Which is the course that we are to take? 我們選哪門課程?

　　Which is the bike that you lost? 你丟失的自行車是哪輛?

　　Who is the woman that was praised at the meeting? 會上受到表揚的那位婦女是誰?