2013考研英語閱讀真題:考研英語(一)第3篇
Up until a few decades ago, our visions of the future were largely——though by no means uniformly——glowingly positive. Science and technology would cure all the ills of humanity, leading to lives of fulfillment and opportunity for all.
Now utopia has grown unfashionable, as we have gained a deeper appreciation of the range of threats facing us, from asteroid strike to epidemic flu and to climate change. You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.
But such gloominess is misplaced. The fossil record shows that many species have endured for millions of years —— so why shouldn't we? Take a broader look at our species' place in the universe, and it becomes clear that we have an excellent chance of surviving for tens, if not hundreds, of thousands of years. Look up Homo sapiens in the "Red List" of threatened species of the International Union for the Conversation of Nature (IUCN) ,and you will read: "Listed as Least Concern as the species is very widely distributed, adaptable, currently increasing, and there are no major threats resulting in an overall population decline."
So what does our deep future hold? A growing number of researchers and organizations are now thinking seriously about that question. For example, the Long Now Foundation has its flagship project a medical clock that is designed to still be marking time thousands of years hence.
Perhaps willfully, it may be easier to think about such lengthy timescales than about the more immediate future. The potential evolution of today's technology, and its social consequences, is dazzlingly complicated, and it's perhaps best left to science fiction writers and futurologists to explore the many possibilities we can envisage. That's one reason why we have launched Arc, a new publication dedicated to the near future.
But take a longer view and there is a surprising amount that we can say with considerable assurance. As so often, the past holds the key to the future: we have now identified enough of the long-term patterns shaping the history of the planet, and our species, to make evidence-based forecasts about the situations in which our descendants will find themselves.
This long perspective makes the pessimistic view of our prospects seem more likely to be a passing fad. To be sure, the future is not all rosy. But we are now knowledgeable enough to reduce many of the risks that threatened the existence of earlier humans, and to improve the lot of those to come.
幾十年前,我們對于未來的看法盡管并不一致,但總的來說頗為樂觀。我們相信科學和技術將會治愈人類的一切疾病,使所有人都過上充滿機會和成就感的生活。
如今,隨著我們對自己所面臨的一系列威脅有了更深刻的認識,比如從小行星撞擊,到流感,再到氣候變化,烏托邦式已經(jīng)不合時宜。你甚至可能會禁不住要想:人類幾乎前途渺茫。
然而,這種擔憂不合時宜?;涗洷砻?,許多物種已經(jīng)存活了數(shù)百萬年之久,那么人類為何就不可以呢?從一個更宏觀的視角來看一看人類在宇宙中的地位,就會清楚明白,即使人類生存不了幾十萬年,至少再存活幾萬年的機會還是很大。在國際自然保護聯(lián)盟的瀕危物種 "紅色名錄"上查閱"智人"這一條目,你會讀到:"由于該物種分布非常廣泛,適應性強,目前數(shù)量持續(xù)上升,且不存在導致其整體數(shù)量下降的重大威脅,故被列為最無危物種"。
那么,我們的遙遠未來會是什么景象呢?越來越多的研究者和組織機構正在認真思考這個問題。比如,今日不朽基金會的旗艦項目是一臺機械時鐘,該時鐘的設計目標是能夠在幾千幾萬年后保持計時功能。
這樣做或許有些一意孤行,但推想久遠的未來要比思考即將發(fā)生的未來更為容易。當今技術的可能發(fā)展及它的社會影響結果非常復雜,或許最好的辦法是讓科幻小說家和未來學家去探索我們能想象到的種種可能。這正是我們發(fā)行《弧》的原因之一,該新刊物旨在探索不遠的未來。
但是,如果采用一個更為長遠的視角,我們便能對驚人數(shù)量的事情做出很有把握的預測。通常,過去掌握著通向未來的鑰匙:目前,我們已經(jīng)充分了解有關地球歷史和人類歷史的長期發(fā)展模式,這使我們能對子孫后代的生存環(huán)境做出有根據(jù)的預測。
這種長遠的視角使我們對未來的悲觀態(tài)度更像是一股短暫的風潮。誠然,未來絕非一片光明。不過,我們已經(jīng)有足夠的知識去降低許多曾經(jīng)威脅前人生存的危險,以及去改善后人的命運。
重點單詞
dedicated['dedi.keitid]adj. 專注的,獻身的,專用的
overall[?uv?'r?:l]adj. 全部的,全體的,一切在內(nèi)的
strike[straik]n. 罷工,打擊,毆打 v. 打,撞,罷工,劃
adaptable[?'d?pt?bl]adj. 能適應的,適應性強的,可改編的
planet['pl?nit]n. 行星
immediate[i'mi:dj?t]adj. 立即的,即刻的,直接的,最接近的
pessimistic[.pesi'mistik]adj. 悲觀的,悲觀主義的
population[.p?pju'lei??n]n. 人口 ,(全體)居民,人數(shù)
opportunity[.?p?'tju:niti]n. 機會,時機
evolution[.i:v?'lu:??n]n. 進化,發(fā)展,演變
小編說:時間從來都是很快的流逝,尤其是對于忙碌的人,今天的你如果感覺天黑來的很快,那么請慶幸你的忙碌,這樣的忙碌帶來不僅是成績的提升,還同時在提升你的個人能力,讓你在將來比其他人更快的步入財務相對自由的狀態(tài),高學歷不僅是成績的印證,更是能力的代表??!抓住最后改變機會,就從你加入沖刺密訓營開始!2018年考研報名流程 沖刺密訓 把握最后50天 全面提分
沖刺階段提升需注意 | ||
重點關注 | 黃金十月 精準擇校 | 讀懂院校招簡,復習不跑偏 |
考研報名流程注意事項全解析 | 考研名師帶著走 視頻免費666 | |
2018考研知識“沖刺提升”大作戰(zhàn) | 不得不知的考研大綱解讀 | 2018年考研報名注意事項問答專欄 |
2022考研初復試已經(jīng)接近尾聲,考研學子全面進入2023屆備考,跨考為23考研的考生準備了10大課包全程準備、全年復習備考計劃、目標院校專業(yè)輔導、全真復試模擬練習和全程針對性指導;2023考研的小伙伴針也已經(jīng)開始擇校和復習了,跨考考研暢學5.0版本全新升級,無論你在校在家都可以更自如的完成你的考研復習,暑假集訓營帶來了院校專業(yè)初步選擇,明確方向;考研備考全年規(guī)劃,核心知識點入門;個性化制定備考方案,助你贏在起跑線,早出發(fā)一點離成功就更近一點!
考研院校專業(yè)選擇和考研復習計劃 | |||
2023備考學習 | 2023線上線下隨時學習 | 34所自劃線院??佳袕驮嚪謹?shù)線匯總 | |
2022考研復試最全信息整理 | 全國各招生院??佳袕驮嚪謹?shù)線匯總 | ||
2023全日制封閉訓練 | 全國各招生院??佳姓{劑信息匯總 | ||
2023考研先知 | 考研考試科目有哪些? | 如何正確看待考研分數(shù)線? | |
不同院校相同專業(yè)如何選擇更適合自己的 | 從就業(yè)說考研如何擇專業(yè)? | ||
手把手教你如何選專業(yè)? | 高校研究生教育各學科門類排行榜 |
相關推薦
跨考考研課程
班型 | 定向班型 | 開班時間 | 高定班 | 標準班 | 課程介紹 | 咨詢 |
秋季集訓 | 沖刺班 | 9.10-12.20 | 168000 | 24800起 | 小班面授+專業(yè)課1對1+專業(yè)課定向輔導+協(xié)議加強課程(高定班)+專屬規(guī)劃答疑(高定班)+精細化答疑+復試資源(高定班)+復試課包(高定班)+復試指導(高定班)+復試班主任1v1服務(高定班)+復試面授密訓(高定班)+復試1v1(高定班) | |
2023集訓暢學 | 非定向(政英班/數(shù)政英班) | 每月20日 | 22800起(協(xié)議班) | 13800起 | 先行階在線課程+基礎階在線課程+強化階在線課程+真題階在線課程+沖刺階在線課程+專業(yè)課針對性一對一課程+班主任全程督學服務+全程規(guī)劃體系+全程測試體系+全程精細化答疑+擇校擇專業(yè)能力定位體系+全年關鍵環(huán)節(jié)指導體系+初試加強課+初試專屬服務+復試全科標準班服務 |