2014考研英語閱讀真題：考研英語（一）第1篇

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　　英語閱讀是考研英語必考的一部分內(nèi)容也是分值占比較高的一部分知識點。2018考研同學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)的重點，距離18年考研時間僅剩兩個多月的時間，各科的復(fù)習(xí)都緊張進(jìn)行著。跨考網(wǎng)考研小編為大家整理了2014考研英語閱讀真題：考研英語（一）第1篇，希望同學(xué)們能夠?qū)τ⒄Z閱讀真題進(jìn)行研究，對真題的出題方向、考察方式有進(jìn)一步的掌握，爭取取得好成績。

　　In order to "change lives for the better" and reduce "dependency,"

　　George Osborne, Chancellor of the Exchequer, introduced the "upfront work search" scheme.

　　Only if the jobless arrive at the job-center with a CV, register for online job search,

　　and start looking for work will they be eligible for benefit —and then they should report weekly rather than fortnightly.

　　What could be more reasonable? More apparent reasonableness followed.

　　There will now be a seven-day wait for the job-seeker's allowance.

　　"Those first few days should be spent looking for work, not looking to sign on," he claimed.

　　"We're doing these things because we know they help people stay off benefits and help those on benefits get into work faster."

　　Help? Really? On first hearing, this was the socially concerned chancellor, trying to change lives for the better,

　　complete with "reforms" to an obviously indulgent system that demands too little effort from the newly unemployed to find work, and subsidises laziness.

　　What motivated him, we were to understand, was his zeal for "fundamental fairness"

　　protecting the taxpayer, controlling spending and ensuring that only the most deserving claimants received their benefits.

　　Losing a job is hurting: you don't skip down to the job centre with a song in your heart,

　　delighted at the prospect of doubling your income from the generous state.

　　It is financially terrifying, psychologically embarrassing and you know that support is minimal and extraordinarily hard to get.

　　You are now not wanted; you are now excluded from the work environment that offers purpose and structure in your life.

　　Worse, the crucial income to feed yourself and your family and pay the bills has disappeared.

　　Ask anyone newly unemployed what they want and the answer is always: a job.

　　But in Osborne land, your first instinct is to fall into dependency--permanent dependency if you can get it

　　supported by a state only too ready to indulge your falsehood.

　　It is as though 20 years of ever-tougher reforms of the job search and benefit administration system never happened.

　　The principle of British welfare is no longer that you can insure yourself against the risk of unemployment and receive unconditional payments if the disaster happens.

　　Even the very phrase "job-seeker's allowance" is about redefining the unemployed as a "job-seeker" who had no fundamental right to a benefit,

　　he or she has earned through making national insurance contributions.

　　Instead, the claimant receives a time-limited "allowance," conditional on actively seeking a job;

　　no entitlement and no insurance, at 71.70 pounds a week, one of the least generous in the EU.

　　為了"讓生活變得更好"，減少"依賴"，

　　財政大臣喬治·奧斯本引進(jìn)了"前期工作搜索"方案。

　　只有當(dāng)失業(yè)者帶著簡歷到達(dá)就業(yè)中心，網(wǎng)上注冊求職，

　　并開始尋找工作，他們才將有資格獲得救濟(jì)金，然后他們應(yīng)該每周報告而不是隔一周。

　　有什么可以更合理的做法?更明顯的合理性隨之而來。

　　現(xiàn)在的求職者津貼將是一周發(fā)放一次。

　　"失業(yè)的人頭幾天應(yīng)該花在找工作上，而不是指望注冊失業(yè)登記以獲得政府救濟(jì)金。"他說。

　　"我們做這些事情，因為我們知道它們能幫助人們遠(yuǎn)離救濟(jì)金，而且?guī)椭切┑玫骄葷?jì)金的人更快找到工作。"

　　乍一聽來，這是一位關(guān)心社會的總理，正努力使生活變得更美好，

　　其中包括針對這個明顯縱容失業(yè)者的體制的"改革措施"，這一體制對新失業(yè)者求職努力的要求太少，并且助長了懶惰。

　　我們要理解，促使他這樣做是因為他熱衷于"基本公平"

　　保護(hù)納稅人，控制開支，確保只有最值得的申請人領(lǐng)取他們的救濟(jì)金。

　　失業(yè)令人傷心：你不能心中唱著歌兒，

　　歡快的到就業(yè)中心去，不能高高興興憧憬慷慨的政府會給工資翻倍。

　　從經(jīng)濟(jì)上來說是可怕的，心理上說是尷尬的，你知道支持力度很小，而且非常難獲得。

　　你現(xiàn)在不被需要;提供你人生目標(biāo)和框架的工作環(huán)境現(xiàn)在也將你驅(qū)逐之外。

　　更糟的是，養(yǎng)活你自己和你的家人和支付賬單的關(guān)鍵收入已經(jīng)消失。

　　問任何一個剛失業(yè)的人他們想要的東西，答案永遠(yuǎn)是：工作。

　　但在奧斯本大陸，你的第一直覺就是從政府獲得依賴——如果你可以得到它的話

　　而且是永久的依賴。你只是太縱容了你自己的謊言罷了。

　　這就像是20年來前所未有的激烈的就業(yè)改革和救濟(jì)金管理體制沒有發(fā)生過。

　　如果不幸的情況發(fā)生，英國的福利原則不再是確保你自己避開失業(yè)的風(fēng)險和無條件的接受失業(yè)保險。

　　甚至"求職者津貼"這個特有詞匯對失業(yè)進(jìn)行了再次定義;通過獲得國民保險分?jǐn)偟玫剿瑁?/P>

　　不享受救濟(jì)金基本權(quán)利的"求職者‘’。

　　取而代之的是，申請人在積極尋找工作的前提下介紹有時限的‘津貼’，

　　他們沒有救濟(jì)金和保險，一周獲得71.7英鎊，英國是歐盟最慷慨的國家之一。

　　重點單詞

　　indulge[in'd?ld?]vt. 縱情于，放任，遷就

　　vi. 放縱自己于

　　crucial['kru:??l]adj. 關(guān)鍵的，決定性的

　　psychologically[,psaik?'l?d?ik?li]adv. 心理上地;心理學(xué)地

　　zeal[zi:l]n. 熱情，熱忱understand[.?nd?'st?nd]vt. 理解，懂，聽說，獲悉，將 ... 理解為，認(rèn)為

　　administration[?d.mini'strei??n]n. 行政，管理，行政部門

　　unemployment['?nim'pl?im?nt]n. 失業(yè)，失業(yè)人數(shù)

　　concerned[k?n's?:nd]adj. 擔(dān)憂的，關(guān)心的

　　environment[in'vai?r?nm?nt]n. 環(huán)境，外界

　　conditional[k?n'di??n?l]adj. 有條件的，假定的，假設(shè)的 n. [語]條件句

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