2015考研英語(yǔ)閱讀真題：考研英語(yǔ)（二）第3篇

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　　英語(yǔ)閱讀是考研英語(yǔ)必考的一部分內(nèi)容也是分值占比較高的一部分知識(shí)點(diǎn)。2018考研同學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)，距離18年考研時(shí)間僅剩兩個(gè)多月的時(shí)間，各科的復(fù)習(xí)都緊張進(jìn)行著。跨考網(wǎng)考研小編為大家整理了2015考研英語(yǔ)閱讀真題：考研英語(yǔ)（二）第3篇，希望同學(xué)們能夠?qū)τ⒄Z(yǔ)閱讀真題進(jìn)行研究，對(duì)真題的出題方向、考察方式有進(jìn)一步的掌握，爭(zhēng)取取得好成績(jī)。

　　Two years ago, Rupert Murdoch's daughter, Elisabeth, spoke of the "unsettling dearth of integrity across so many of our institutions".

　　Integrity had collapsed, she argued,

　　because of a collective acceptance that the only "sorting mechanism" in society should be profit and the market.

　　But "it's us, human beings, we the people who create the society we want, not profit".

　　Driving her point home, she continued:

　　"It's increasingly apparent that the absence of purpose, of a moral language within government, media or business

　　could become one of the most dangerous own goals for capitalism and freedom."

　　This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International, she thought,

　　making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.

　　As the hacking trial concludes—finding guilty one ex-editor of the News of the World, Andy Coulson, for conspiring to hack phones, and finding his predecessor, Rebekah Brooks, innocent of the same charge—the wider issue of dearth of integrity still stands.

　　Journalists are known to have hacked the phones of up to 5,500 people.

　　This is hacking on an industrial scale, as was acknowledged by Glenn Mulcaire,

　　the man hired by the News of the World in 2001 to be the point person for phone hacking.

　　Others await trial. This long story still unfolds.

　　In many respects, the dearth of moral purpose frames not only the fact of such widespread phone hacking but the terms on which the trial took place.

　　One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom,

　　how little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired how the stories arrived.

　　The core of her successful defence was that she knew nothing.

　　In today's world, it has become normal that well-paid executives should not be accountable for what happens in the organisations that they run.

　　Perhaps we should not be so surprised.

　　For a generation, the collective doctrine has been that the sorting mechanism of society should be profit.

　　The words that have mattered are efficiency, flexibility, shareholder value,

　　business-friendly, wealth generation, sales, impact and, in newspapers, circulation.

　　Words degraded to the margin have been justice, fairness, tolerance, proportionality and accountability.

　　The purpose of editing the News of the World under Rupert Murdoch was not to promote reader understanding,

　　to be fair in what was written or to betray any common humanity.

　　It was to ruin lives in the quest for circulation and impact.

　　Ms Brooks may or may not have had suspicions about how her journalists got their stories,

　　but she asked no questions, gave no instructions—nor received traceable, recorded answers.

　　兩年前，魯伯特·默多克之女伊麗莎白曾說(shuō)“太多的新聞機(jī)構(gòu)有令人不安的正直缺失。”

　　她爭(zhēng)辯道，

　　因?yàn)楣娨恢抡J(rèn)為社會(huì)中唯一的“分類(lèi)機(jī)制”應(yīng)該是利益和市場(chǎng)，所以正直早已崩潰。

　　但“是我們?nèi)祟?lèi)自己創(chuàng)造了我們想要的社會(huì)，而不是利益”。

　　為了把話(huà)說(shuō)得透徹，她繼續(xù)說(shuō)道：

　　“政府、新聞媒體或企業(yè)內(nèi)部使命感和道德話(huà)語(yǔ)的缺失日益表明，

　　它可能會(huì)成為資本主義和自由最危險(xiǎn)的目標(biāo)之一”

　　她認(rèn)為，與之相同的道德使命感的缺失也在傷害新聞國(guó)際集團(tuán)這樣的公司，

　　新聞國(guó)際集團(tuán)更可能在出現(xiàn)大規(guī)模的非法電話(huà)竊聽(tīng)的時(shí)候迷失方向。

　　竊聽(tīng)審判裁決更為廣泛的正直缺失問(wèn)題卻仍舊存在，《世界新聞報(bào)》前總編安迪·庫(kù)爾森因密謀竊聽(tīng)電話(huà)而被判有罪，而受到相同指控的、他的繼任者麗貝卡·布魯克斯卻被判無(wú)罪。

　　據(jù)悉，當(dāng)事記者竊聽(tīng)了5500多人的電話(huà)。

　　這是大規(guī)模的竊聽(tīng)，正如格倫·穆?tīng)杽P爾所承認(rèn)的那樣，

　　此人是2001年《世界新聞報(bào)》雇傭的員工，是此次電話(huà)竊聽(tīng)丑聞的焦點(diǎn)人物。

　　其他當(dāng)事人在等候?qū)徟小＿@一丑聞仍在發(fā)酵。

　　從許多方面來(lái)說(shuō)，道德使命感的缺失導(dǎo)致了這樣大面積的電話(huà)竊聽(tīng)，而且還導(dǎo)致了對(duì)審判的討論。

　　其中令人驚訝的發(fā)現(xiàn)是麗貝卡·布魯克斯對(duì)她的新聞工作室所發(fā)生的事情知之甚少，

　　她很少過(guò)問(wèn)、事實(shí)上她從不詢(xún)問(wèn)新聞故事是怎樣得來(lái)的。

　　她自我辯護(hù)成功的關(guān)鍵是她對(duì)此一無(wú)所知。

　　當(dāng)今世界，高薪資的管理者不應(yīng)該為發(fā)生在其組織內(nèi)的事情擔(dān)責(zé)，這已屬正常現(xiàn)象。

　　或許我們對(duì)此不該過(guò)于吃驚。

　　對(duì)于這代人來(lái)說(shuō)，共同接受的信條是社會(huì)的分類(lèi)機(jī)制應(yīng)該是利益。

　　真正重要的詞匯是效率、靈活性、股東價(jià)值、

　　利于商界運(yùn)作、富裕的一代、銷(xiāo)售量和報(bào)紙的發(fā)行量。

　　而邊緣化的詞匯是：公正、公平、寬容、均衡和責(zé)任。

　　在魯伯特·默多克的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，編寫(xiě)《世界新聞報(bào)》的目的不是去促進(jìn)讀者的理解，

　　不是在出版的新聞里體現(xiàn)公平，也不是揭露人性。

　　而是毀滅那些阻礙它追求發(fā)行量和影響的人。

　　布魯克斯女士對(duì)她的記者獲得新聞故事的手段可能產(chǎn)生過(guò)懷疑，也可能沒(méi)有，

　　但她卻不聞不問(wèn)，沒(méi)有下達(dá)過(guò)任何指示——也沒(méi)有收到可追蹤的、記錄下來(lái)的回答。

　　重點(diǎn)單詞

　　betray[bi'trei]vt. 誤導(dǎo)，出賣(mài)，背叛，泄露vi. 證明

　　promote[pr?'m?ut]vt. 促進(jìn)，提升，升遷; 發(fā)起; 促銷(xiāo)

　　fairness['f??nis]n. 公平，公正

　　issue['i?ju:]n. 發(fā)行物，期刊號(hào)，爭(zhēng)論點(diǎn)

　　illegal[i'li:g?l]adj. 不合法的，非法的

　　n. 非法移民聯(lián)想記憶

　　mechanism['mek?niz?m]n. 機(jī)制，原理

　　n. 機(jī)械，機(jī)構(gòu)，結(jié)構(gòu)

　　apparent[?'p?r?nt]adj. 明顯的，表面上的

　　widespread['waidspred]adj. 分布(或散布)廣的，普遍的

　　scale[skeil]n. 鱗，刻度，衡量，數(shù)值范圍

　　v. 依比例決

　　dearth[d?:θ]n. 缺乏;饑饉;糧食不足

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