2018考研英語閱讀：推斷題的解題思路

　　今天我們要分析的是推斷題的解題思路。該題型可以說是細(xì)節(jié)題的升級版，難度也要高于一般的細(xì)節(jié)題，在每年的考研英語真題當(dāng)中會出現(xiàn)2-4個，而且近兩年還有增加的趨勢，所以必須高度總是推斷題的訓(xùn)練。通常，推斷題的題干中會出現(xiàn)infer或suggest這種詞眼，比如From paragraph four we can infer that ____. It is implied in paragraph 2 that the current immigration system in the US_______. 我們以2005年的真題為例：

　　The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a cooperative, group-living species. Such cooperation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.

　　題干：What can we infer from the last paragraph?

　　[A] Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.

　　[B] Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.

　　[C] Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.

　　[D] Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.

　　解析：題干中出現(xiàn)infer屬于典型的推斷題。其中除了定位段落，沒有給出具體的定位信息。所以此時我們應(yīng)該先從定位段落出發(fā)，分析其中出現(xiàn)了哪些重點信息。段落當(dāng)中的首句和轉(zhuǎn)折句是重點信息的出處，因此可以優(yōu)先匹配首句和轉(zhuǎn)折句的意思，以節(jié)省時間。首句The researchers suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions.講猴子也受社會情感的引導(dǎo)，A選項的內(nèi)容同樣是講情感，但是卻說猴子可以被訓(xùn)練出情感，所以動詞含義和原文不符，屬于偷換概念。然后我們讀取轉(zhuǎn)折句的意思However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.這個種公平的感覺是在猴子和人身上獨立的演化，還是源于共同的祖先，至今還是一個未解之謎。該句正好匹配[B] Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.人類的憤怒情感來源是不確定的，符合原文信息。

　　推斷題是考研英語閱讀復(fù)習(xí)的重難點，需要考生多做真題，勤加練習(xí)，熟練掌握。