2017考研英語閱讀材料：南極冰山對(duì)延緩氣候變暖有奇效

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全球氣候變暖一直是近年來大家關(guān)注的問題，也是比較嚴(yán)重的氣候問題，更是在考研英語當(dāng)中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)。下面我們大家一起來看一下跨考網(wǎng)的小編為大家整理的關(guān)于2017考研英語閱讀材料：南極冰山對(duì)延緩氣候變暖有奇效的一些資料，幫助大家更好的做好考研英語的復(fù)習(xí)備考工作。

Antarctic icebergs have surprise role in slowing warming: study

研究表明南極冰山對(duì)延緩氣候變暖有奇效

OSLO (Reuters) - The biggest icebergs breaking off Antarctica unexpectedly help to slow global warming as they melt away into the chill Southern Ocean, scientists said on Monday.

(奧斯陸)周一有科學(xué)家稱，正在因融化而沉入寒冷南極洋的南極最大冰山竟對(duì)延緩全球氣候變暖有意想不到的幫助。

The rare Manhattan-sized icebergs, which may become more frequent in coming decades because of climate change, release a vast trail of iron and other nutrients that act as fertilisers for algae and other tiny plant-like organisms in the ocean.

這些曼哈頓島大小的冰山由于氣候變化會(huì)釋放出大量鐵元素以及其他物質(zhì)，而這些物質(zhì)是海藻和其他海洋植物類有機(jī)體的營(yíng)養(yǎng)來源。而這樣的情況在接下來幾十年內(nèi)也許會(huì)出現(xiàn)的很頻繁。

These extract carbon dioxide from the atmosphere as they grow, a natural ally for human efforts to limit the pace of climate change blamed on man-made greenhouse gas emissions.

而這些有機(jī)體會(huì)在成長(zhǎng)過程中從大氣中吸收二氧化碳，從而充當(dāng)人類制止氣候變化的天然助手。氣候變化是人造溫室氣體排放引起的。

Ocean blooms in the wake of giant icebergs off Antarctica absorbed 10 to 40 million tonnes of carbon a year, the study estimated, roughly equivalent to annual man-made greenhouse gas emissions of countries such as Sweden or New Zealand.

研究估算，這些緊跟著巨型冰山離開南極的大量有機(jī)體一年能夠吸收1千萬噸到4千萬噸的碳，大約相當(dāng)于瑞典或者新西蘭等國(guó)家一年排放的人造溫室氣體量。

Until now, the impact of ocean fertilization from the demise of giant icebergs, defined as floating chunks of ice longer than 10 nautical miles (18 kms) or almost the length of Manhattan, had been judged small and localized.

直到現(xiàn)在，巨型冰山消亡導(dǎo)致的海洋肥沃化被認(rèn)為是局部小范圍的影響。而長(zhǎng)于10海里(18千米)或者和曼哈頓島等長(zhǎng)的冰山被看作是巨型冰山。

"We were very surprised to find that the impact can extend up to 1,000 kms," (625 miles) from the icebergs, Professor Grant Bigg of the University of Sheffield, an author of the study published in the journal Nature Geoscience, told Reuters.

謝菲爾德大學(xué)的Grant Bigg教授是出版在Nature Geoscience上的研究的作者之一。他告訴記者：“當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)這種現(xiàn)象的影響范圍能夠達(dá)到1000千米(625英里)，我們非常吃驚。”

The scientists studied satellite images of 17 giant icebergs off Antarctica from 2003-2013 and found that algae could turn the water greener for hundreds of kms (miles) around the icebergs, with nutrients spread by winds and currents.

從2003年到2013年，科學(xué)家們研究了南極17座巨型冰山的衛(wèi)星圖像，發(fā)現(xiàn)營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)可以隨風(fēng)和海浪流動(dòng)，而這些海藻能夠讓冰山周圍方圓幾百千米的海域環(huán)境變得更好。

There are typically 30 giant icebergs floating off Antarctica at any one time - they can linger for years. The study said the giant icebergs had an outsized impact in promoting ocean fertilization when compared with small icebergs.

在任何時(shí)候，會(huì)有30座冰山在南極漂浮數(shù)年。研究表明，這些大冰山比小冰山更能夠增加海洋肥沃度，并且效果出乎意料的好。

Bigg noted that global man-made greenhouse gas emissions had been growing at about two percent a year. "If the giant icebergs weren’t there, it would be 2.1 to 2.2 percent," he said.

Bigg發(fā)現(xiàn)每年全球溫室氣體排放量都會(huì)增長(zhǎng)兩個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。他說：“如果沒有這些巨型冰山，數(shù)據(jù)就會(huì)是2.1到2.2個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。”

Ken Smith, an expert at the Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute in California who reviewed Monday’s study, said in an email he found the new findings "convincing".

加州蒙特雷灣水族館研究所的專家Ken Smith評(píng)估過這份研究，在一份郵件中稱他認(rèn)為這些新發(fā)現(xiàn)相當(dāng)“具有說服力”。

The Sheffield University scientists noted other estimates that the amount of ice breaking off Antarctica had gained by five percent in the past two decades and that it was likely to rise in future with warming. That in turn could spur more ocean fertilization.

謝菲爾德大學(xué)的科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了其他估算結(jié)果：在過去二十年內(nèi)，融化的冰山數(shù)量上升了5%，并且在未來會(huì)隨著氣候變暖繼續(xù)增加。而這會(huì)激發(fā)更多的海洋肥沃化現(xiàn)象。

通過上面跨考網(wǎng)的小編為大家整理的關(guān)于2017考研英語閱讀材料：南極冰山對(duì)延緩氣候變暖有奇效的一些資料，考生就知道了這是對(duì)全球氣候變暖減緩的一種新的措施。