2019考研英語(yǔ)：基礎(chǔ)階段完形填空每日一練(2)

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　　完形填空是考研英語(yǔ)中很容易丟分的部分，需要大家對(duì)語(yǔ)法、句型、短語(yǔ)及單詞有熟練的理解和記憶。因而大家需要進(jìn)行大量的聯(lián)系才有可能得高分。下面是有關(guān)基礎(chǔ)復(fù)習(xí)階段考研英語(yǔ)完形填空部分的練習(xí)題，大家可以每日一篇堅(jiān)持練習(xí)，打好基礎(chǔ)。

　　Section II Use of English

　　Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)

　　Health implies more than physical fitness. It also implies mental and emotional well-being. An angry, frustrated, emotionally 21 person in good physical condition is not 22 healthy. Mental health, therefore, has much to do 23 how a person copes with the world as s/he exists. Many of the factors that 24 physical health also affect mental and emotional well-being.

　　Having a good self-image means that people have positive 25 pictures and good, positive feelings about themselves, about what they are capable 26 , and about the roles they play. People with good self-images like themselves, and they are 27 like others. Having a good self-image is based 28 a realistic, as well as positive, or optimistic 29 of one’s own worth and value and capabilities.

　　Stress is an unavoidable, necessary, and potentially healthful 30 of our society. People of all ages 31 stress. Children begin to 32 stress during prenatal development and during childbirth. Examples of stress-inducing 33 in the life of a young person are death of a pet, pressure to 34 academically, the divorce of parents, or joining a new youth group. The different ways in which individuals 35 to stress may bring healthful or unhealthy results. One person experiencing a great deal of stress may function exceptionally well 36 another may be unable to function at all. If stressful situations are continually encountered, the individual’s physical, social, and mental health are eventually affected.

　　Satisfying social relations are vital to 37 mental and emotional health. It is believed that in order to 38 , develop, and maintain effective and fulfilling social relationships people must 39 the ability to know and trust each other, understand each other, influence, and help each other. They must also be capable of 40 conflicts in a constructive way.

　　21. [A] unstable [B] unsure [C] imprecise [D] impractical

　　22. [A] normally [B] generally [C] virtually [D] necessarily

　　23. [A] on [B] at [C] to [D] with

　　24. [A] signify [B] influence [C] predict [D] mark

　　25. [A] intellectual [B] sensual [C] spiritual [D] mental

　　26. [A] to be doing [B] with doing [C] to do [D] of doing

　　27. [A] able better to [B] able to better [C] better to able [D] better able to

　　28. [A] on [B] from [C] at [D] about

　　29. [A] assessment [B] decision [C] determination [D] assistance

　　30. [A] ideality [B] realization [C] realism [D] reality

　　31. [A] occur [B] engage [C] confront [D] encounter

　　32. [A] tolerate [B] sustain [C] experience [D] undertake

　　33. [A] evidence [B] accidents [C] adventures [D] events

　　34. [A] acquire [B] achieve [C] obtain [D] fulfill

　　35. [A] respond [B] return [C] retort [D] reply

　　36. [A] why [B] when [C] while [D] where

　　37. [A] sound [B] all-round [C] entire [D] whole

　　38. [A] illuminate [B] enunciate [C] enumerate [D] initiate

　　39. [A] access [B] assess [C] process [D] possess

　　40. [A] resolving [B] saluting [C] dissolving [D] solving

　　Section II Use of English 答案及解析

　　21. A

　　An angry, frustrated, emotionally unstable person in good physical condition is not necessarily healthy.一個(gè)易怒的，情緒沮喪的，感情不穩(wěn)定但是體格很好的人，未必是健康的。

　　[A] unstable adj. (情緒)不穩(wěn)定的;

　　[B] unsure adj. 沒(méi)有自信的，不肯定的，不確定的;

　　[C] imprecise adj. 不嚴(yán)密的，不精確的;

　　[D] impractical adj. 不切實(shí)際的;

　　22. D

　　要表達(dá)“并不一定”、“未必”的意思，通常用not necessarily或not definitely。

　　23. D

　　Mental health, therefore, has much to do with how a person copes with the world as it exists.因此，精神健康，和一個(gè)人在生活中如何處理身邊的事情，有很大的關(guān)系。

　　have…(nothing, little, much, a lot) to do with…：和……(沒(méi))有(很大的)關(guān)系。

　　24. B

　　Many of the factors that influence physical health also affect mental and emotional well-being. 很多影響體格健康的因素，同時(shí)也影響精神和感情的健康。

　　[B] influence影響。例：My teacher influenced my decision to study science. 我的老師對(duì)我學(xué)理科的決定起了影響作用。influence也可做名詞，用法如下：(常與on連用)影響力;感化力。例：My teacher’s influence made me study science at college. 由于我老師的影響，我上大學(xué)學(xué)了理科。Some women have bad influence upon their husbands. 有些婦女對(duì)其丈夫有壞影響。上下文中also一詞提示填空處需要affect的近義詞。

　　[A] signify①表示;象征;意味。②用動(dòng)作表示……意思。例：He signified his content with a nod. 他以點(diǎn)頭表示同意。③有關(guān)系;有重要性。

　　[C] predict v. 預(yù)知，預(yù)言，預(yù)報(bào)。

　　[D] mark vt. 做標(biāo)記于，打分?jǐn)?shù)，標(biāo)志。由also或affect一詞可以輕易解此題。

　　25. D

　　上下文中多次出現(xiàn)這個(gè)詞。

　　[D] mental adj. 精神的，智力的，心智的。和physical相對(duì)。一般“精神病”被稱作mental illness。上下文中physical一詞是答案信號(hào)。[A] intellectual adj. 智力的，有智力的，顯示智力的。作名詞時(shí)意為“知識(shí)分子”。[B] sensual adj. 肉欲的，色情的，世俗的，強(qiáng)調(diào)“通過(guò)感官感覺(jué)到的”。[C] spiritual adj. 非物質(zhì)的，精神的;靈魂的;宗教的;神圣的。和material相對(duì)。

　　26. D

　　capable of doing為固定搭配。意思相當(dāng)于be able to do。

　　27. D

　　People with good self-images like themselves, and they are better able to like others. 那些對(duì)自己的形象有積極認(rèn)識(shí)的人通常很欣賞自己，也更容易欣賞其他人。to be able to的比較級(jí)，用to be better able to，其他選項(xiàng)的詞序都不對(duì)。

　　28. A

　　Having a good self-image is based on a realistic assessment of one’s own worth and value and capabilities. 對(duì)自己的形象有積極的認(rèn)識(shí)，是建立在對(duì)自己的價(jià)值和能力的符合實(shí)際的評(píng)價(jià)基礎(chǔ)上的。

　　be based on：建立在……的基礎(chǔ)上，它基于句式base A on B(將A以B為基礎(chǔ))。

　　29. A

　　[A] assessment是動(dòng)詞assess(估計(jì)，估算;評(píng)估，評(píng)價(jià))的名詞形式。

　　30. D

　　Stress is an unavoidable, necessary, and potentially healthful reality of our society. 壓力是我們社會(huì)中無(wú)可避免的，而且有潛在的促進(jìn)社會(huì)健康作用的現(xiàn)實(shí)存在。表示“存在的現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況”用[D] reality (n. 真實(shí)，事實(shí)，本體;逼真)。[A] ideality n. 理想，是ideal的名詞形式。[B] realization n. 實(shí)現(xiàn);認(rèn)識(shí);領(lǐng)會(huì)，是realize的名詞形式。[C] realism n.現(xiàn)實(shí)主義。

　　31. D

　　由第三段的最后一句話：If stressful situations are continually encountered, …可以找到此題答案。People of all ages encounter stress. 各個(gè)年齡段的人都會(huì)遇到壓力。[D] encounter遭遇，遇到，強(qiáng)調(diào)“偶然遇見(jiàn)”;[A] occur vi. 發(fā)生，出現(xiàn);[B] engage vt. 使忙碌，雇傭，預(yù)定，使從事于;例：be engaged in…忙于(從事)……。[C] confront①面對(duì);面臨;遭遇。例：to confront danger(勇敢地)面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)②(與with連用)使面對(duì);使面臨。例：be confronted with crisis面臨危機(jī)。

　　32. C

　　由36空所在的句子中：One person experiencing a great deal of stress may function exceptionally well 36 another may be unable to function at a11. 可以找到此題答案。Children begin to experience stress during prenatal development and during childbirth. 兒童在出生之前，以及降臨到世界的過(guò)程中都有壓力的體驗(yàn)。[C] experience vt. 經(jīng)驗(yàn)，體驗(yàn)，經(jīng)歷，閱歷;[A] tolerate vt. (主觀上努力去)忍受，容忍;[B] sustain vt. 支撐，撐住，維持，持續(xù);[D] undertake vt. 承擔(dān)，擔(dān)任(也包含“主觀努力”的意思)。

　　33. D

　　Examples of stress-inducing events in the life of a young person are death of a pet, pressure to achieve academically, the divorce of parents, or joining a new youth group. 年輕人的生活中，能夠帶來(lái)壓力的事件，包括寵物的死亡、學(xué)業(yè)的壓力、父母的離異，或者加入新的年輕人群體。[D] event來(lái)自拉丁語(yǔ)evenire發(fā)生，e-出.外+venire來(lái)，發(fā)生出來(lái)的事就是“(比較重大的)事件”。而句子表語(yǔ)部分恰恰羅列了種種較為重大的事件。[A] evidence n. 明顯，顯著，明白，跡象，根據(jù)，[物]證據(jù)，證物;[B]accident n. 意外事件，(造成一定傷亡或者損失的)事故;[C] adventure n. 冒險(xiǎn)，冒險(xiǎn)的經(jīng)歷。

　　34. B

　　“學(xué)業(yè)上取得成就”用achieve。[A] acquire和[C] obtain作“獲得”解時(shí)，作及物動(dòng)詞，后及賓語(yǔ)。[D]fulfill vt. 實(shí)踐，實(shí)行，完成，達(dá)到，側(cè)重“履行”之意。

　　35. A

　　The different ways in which individuals respond to stress may bring healthful or unhealthy results. 人們對(duì)壓力做出的不同的反應(yīng)方式，可能會(huì)帶來(lái)有益于健康，或者不利于健康的后果。[A] respond(常與to連用)反應(yīng)，回報(bào)，對(duì)……有反應(yīng)，對(duì)……起作用;[B] return vt. 歸還，回報(bào)，(經(jīng)濟(jì))收益;[C] retort v. 反駁，反擊;[D]reply vi. 答復(fù)，回?fù)?，?bào)復(fù)，答辯，回答。

　　36. C

　　One person experiencing a great deal of stress may function exceptionally well while another may be unable to function at a11. 在巨大的壓力下。有的人可能會(huì)應(yīng)對(duì)非常自如，但是另一個(gè)人就完全無(wú)法正常發(fā)揮。[C] while此處是一個(gè)表示轉(zhuǎn)折意義的連詞，表示“雖然，但是”。例：You like tennis, while I’d rather read. 你愛(ài)打網(wǎng)球，但我愛(ài)看書(shū)。類似用法的連詞還有whereas。例：Some people like fat meat, whereas others hate it. 有些人喜歡肥肉，相反有些人討厭肥肉。

　　37. A

　　Satisfying social relations are vital to sound mental and emotional health. 讓人滿意的社會(huì)關(guān)系對(duì)于良好的精神和情緒健全至關(guān)重要。

　　[A] sound作形容詞意為“完好的，健全的，合理的，明智的”。例：the sound development of a baby(一個(gè)嬰兒的健康發(fā)育);sound judgment合理(明智)的判斷。[B] all-round adj. 全面的，多才多藝的。

　　38. D

　　It is believed that in order to initiate, develop, and maintain effective and fulfilling social relationships people must possess the ability to know and trust each other, understand each other, influence, and help each other. 一般認(rèn)為，要想建立，發(fā)展，并且維持有效而給人滿足感的社會(huì)關(guān)系，人們必須擁有了解和信任他人，影響他人，及幫助他人的能力。[D]initiate vt. 創(chuàng)始，發(fā)起;[A] illuminate vt. 照明，照亮，闡明，說(shuō)明;[B] enunciate v. 闡明，清晰發(fā)言;[C] enumerate v. 列舉。

　　39. D

　　上下文中also一詞提示天空處需要be capable of的近義詞，所以possess the ability符合題意。

　　40. [A]

　　They must also be capable of resolving conflicts in a constructive way. 他們必須有能力以建設(shè)性的方法來(lái)解決沖突。

　　resolve和solve都有“解決”之意。例：solve/resolve a problem但resolve可用來(lái)表達(dá)“評(píng)定或平息沖突或爭(zhēng)端等”之意，相當(dāng)于settle。例：resolve/settle the quarrel in a friendly way(以友好的方式解決紛爭(zhēng))。此外，resolve還有“決心，決定”之意，相當(dāng)于decide或determine。例：Parliament has resolved that… (國(guó)會(huì)決議……);to resolve/be resolved to do… (下決心做……)。

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