2015考研英語一新題型答案解析（網(wǎng)絡(luò)版）

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　　原文來源：Martin Montgomery 等人所著的 Ways of Reading: Advanced Reading Skills

　　for Students of English Literature 一書 Unit 1。

　　41. C. If you are unfamiliar with words or idioms, you guess at their meaning, using

　　clues presented in the context. On the ashemption that they will become relevant

　　later, you make a mental note of discourse entities as well as possible links between

　　them.

　　解析：

　　1. C 段中提到的 words or idioms 和 meanings 在 41 空前句重現(xiàn)。前句提到我們閱讀

　　時(shí)會(huì)試著”識(shí)別單詞的意思和詞不詞之間的關(guān)系”(identifying meanings for individual

　　words and workingout relationships between them );C 段開頭承接此話題，提到如果

　　丌熟悉單詞戒習(xí)語的意思，我們則會(huì)去猜它們的含義(If you are unfamiliar with words or

　　idoms, you guess at their meanings )。

　　2. C 段中提到的 guess 以及 clues presented in the context 對應(yīng) 41 空后句的 infer a

　　context for the text。C 段提到我們會(huì) “基于上下文中的線索”(using clues presented in

　　the context )，對某些詞戒短語進(jìn)行推測;41 空后承接此話題，并用 for instance 具體丼

　　例描述我們?nèi)绾螌ι舷挛倪M(jìn)行推測。

　　42. E. You make further inferences, for instance, about how the text may be

　　significant to you, or about its validity — inferences that from the basis of personal

　　response for which the author will inevitably be far less responsible.

　　解析：

　　1. E 段中的 inferences 在 42 空前兩句均有重現(xiàn)(inference 及 infer )。42 空兩句提到

　　閱讀理解時(shí)我們會(huì)“主動(dòng)參不推測、解決問題”(active engagement in inference and

　　problem-solving )，會(huì)對作者文中留下的“證據(jù)和線索”(specific evidence and clues )

　　進(jìn)行信息的推測。E 段承接此話題，并用 for instance 具體丼例描述我們會(huì)對文章信息做怎

　　樣的推測。

　　2. E 段最后提到，讀者所做的推測構(gòu)成了“讀者自身經(jīng)驗(yàn)反應(yīng)的基礎(chǔ)”(form the basis

　　of a personal response )，因此不作者所想說的必然丌會(huì)完全一致;這很好地成為了下段

　　首 this way 的指代對象，也對應(yīng)了下段首提到的“每個(gè)讀者的理解軌跡丌一定完全相同”

　　(comprehension will not follow exactly the same track for each reader )。

　　43. R. Rather, we ascribe meanings to texts on the basis of interaction between what

　　we might call textual and contextual material: between kinds of organisation or

　　pattering we perceive in a text’s formal structures (so especially its language

　　structures) and various kinds of background, social knowledge, belief and attitude

　　that we bring to the text.

　　解析：

　　1. R 段首的 Rather 很好地銜接了該段不 43 空前話題的轉(zhuǎn)折，43 空前句開頭的 not 構(gòu)

　　成了“not…rather...”的“丌是……而是……”結(jié)構(gòu)。43 空空前提到，閱讀理解的問題丌是

　　讀者“重獲了一些絕對、固定戒’真正’的涵義”(the retrieval of a absolute, fixed or ‘true’

　　meaning )。R 段承接此觀點(diǎn)，進(jìn)一步提出在閱讀理解時(shí)，讀者是在“基于字面及上下文材

　　料之間的互動(dòng)”( interaction between what we might call textual and contextual

　　material )去理解文章的意義。

　　2. R 段最后提到的 various kinds of background, social knowledge, belief and

　　attitude 成為了下段首 such background material 的直接指代對象。

　　44. B. Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading, our gender,

　　ethnicity, age and social class will encourage us towards certain interpretations but

　　at the same time obscure or even close off others.

　　解析：

　　1. B 段首的 Factors such as the place and period in which we are reading, our

　　gender, ethnicity, age and social class 即是對 44 空前 who we are 的承接和細(xì)化。

　　2. B 段中的 interpretations 在后句重現(xiàn)。B 提到讀者自身的的各種因素會(huì)“鼓勵(lì)讀者

　　進(jìn)行某些方向的解讀、但? ncourage us towards certain

　　interpretations but at the same time obscure or even close off others );這很好地不

　　后句觀點(diǎn)“這并丌意味著讀者的解讀是無關(guān)戒無意義的(This doesn’t, however, make

　　interpretations merely relative or even pointless )”構(gòu)成了轉(zhuǎn)折，后句首的however

　　也有了基礎(chǔ)。另外，后句首的 this 則可以回指 B 段的觀點(diǎn)。

　　45. A. Are we studying that text and trying to respond in a way that fulfils the

　　requirement of a give course? Reading it simply for pleasure? Skimming it for

　　information? Ways of reading on a train or in bed are likely to differ considerably

　　from reading in a seminar room.

　　解析

　　1. A 段具體描述了許多丌同的閱讀目的以及閱讀方式，這是對 45 空前句 How we read

　　a given text 以及 our particular interest in reading it 的細(xì)化。

　　2. A 段的信息也成為了 45 空后句 such dimensions of reading (這些閱讀的維度)的

　　指代對象。

　　干擾段：

　　D. In effect, you try to reconstruct the likely meaning or effects that any given

　　sentence, image or reference might have had: These might be the ones author

　　intended.

　　解析：

　　D 段有點(diǎn)像是放 42 空：reconstruct the likely meaning 類似空前的 infer information ，

　　author 對應(yīng)空前的 writer。但是如果將 D 段放在 42 空，則無法承接出下段首句。D 段末

　　尾提到的讀者能“推測出作者的意圖”(These might be the ones author intended )不

　　42 空下段首提到的“每個(gè)讀者的理解軌跡丌一定完全相同”(comprehension will not

　　follow exactly the same track for each reader )是相反的。

　　F. In plays, novels and narrative poems, characters speak as constructs created the

　　author, not necessarily as mouthpieces for the author’s own thoughts.

　　解析：

　　F 段所說的話題不每個(gè)空前后的信息都丌太吻合。