2022考研英語長難句100句：2011英語二

　　英二·2011Text 1

　　But by the end of 2009 Ms. Simmons was under fire for having sat on Goldman’s compensation committee; how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked?

　　參考譯文：但是到 2009 年年底，西蒙斯女士卻由于擔任高盛公司薪酬委員會委員受到抨擊;她怎么能沒有注意到那些巨額獎金的支出呢?

　　英二·2011Text 1

　　Although a correlation between them leaving and subsequent bad performance at the firm is suggestive, it does not mean that such directors are always jumping off a sinking ship.

　　參考譯文：盡管外部董事的離職與公司隨后的糟糕表現之間的關聯讓人難免揣測，但這并不意味著外部董事們總是在公司危難之時棄之不顧。

　　英二·2011Text 1

　　But the researchers believe that outside directors have an easier time of avoiding a blow to their reputations if they leave a firm before bad news breaks, even if a review of history shows they were on the board at the time any wrongdoing occurred.

　　參考譯文：但是研究人員認為，即使回顧公司歷史表明外部董事在擔任董事期間公司發(fā)生了不法行為，但如果他們在壞消息傳出前就離開公司，他們會更輕易地避免聲譽受損。

　　英二·2011Text 2

　　The whirlwind that swept through newsrooms harmed everybody, but much of the damage has been concentrated in areas where newspapers are least distinctive.

　　參考譯文：席卷報業(yè)機構的旋風傷害了每一個人，但是大部分的傷害都集中在毫無特色的報業(yè)領域。

　　英二·2011Text 3

　　We tend to think of the decades immediately following World War II as a time of prosperity and growth, with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G. I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus.

　　參考譯文：我們往往把二戰(zhàn)后的數十年視作繁榮和發(fā)展的時期，數以百萬計的士兵回到家鄉(xiāng)，根據«軍人安置法案»讀大學，或在婚姻登記處排隊辦理結婚手續(xù)。

　　英二·2011Text 3

　　During the Depression and the war, Americans had learned to live with less, and that restraint, in combination with the postwar confidence in the future, made small, efficient housing positively stylish.

　　參考譯文：在大蕭條和戰(zhàn)爭期間，美國人學會了節(jié)衣縮食地生活，并且這種克制同戰(zhàn)后對未來的信心相結合，使得小而高效的房子成為絕對的時髦。

　　英二·2011Text 3

　　But they were popular because of their airy glass walls, the views they afforded and the elegance of the buildings’ details and proportions, the architectural equivalent of the abstract art so popular at the time.

　　參考譯文：但它們卻因輕薄的玻璃墻、提供的景觀以及高雅的建筑細節(jié)和比例備受歡迎，這些建筑風格相當于當時極受歡迎的抽象藝術。

　　英二·2011Text 4

　　Markets have lost faith that the euro zone’s economies, weaker or stronger, will one day converge thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency, which denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation.

　　參考譯文：人們曾相信，歐元區(qū)經濟體，無論強弱，只要本著使用統(tǒng)一貨幣的原則，就能避免那些缺乏競爭力的成員國采取貨幣貶值這一權宜之計，就能有朝一日走向統(tǒng)一。而如今市場已經喪失了這種信心。

　　英二·2011Text 4

　　It insists that economic co-ordination should involve all 27 members of the EU club, among whom there is a small majority for free-market liberalism and economic rigor; in the inner core alone, Germany fears, a small majority favor French interference.

　　參考譯文：德國認為經濟協(xié)調應包括歐盟俱樂部的全體 27 個成員;在這些成員中，贊同自由市場主義和嚴格的經濟政策的占微弱多數。但單從核心成員來講，德國擔心微弱多數(的成員國)會贊同法國干預。

　　英二·2011Text 4

　　At its best, the European project is remarkably liberal: built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries, its internal borders are far more open to goods,capital and labor than any comparable trading area.

　　參考譯文：從其好的方面講，歐盟工程是非常自由的：由于是圍繞著 27 個貧富國家所組成的統(tǒng)一市場而建立的，其內部邊界對商品、資本以及勞動力的流通比任何其他類似貿易區(qū)都更加開放。

　　詳解

　　2011 英語二

　　1. [精講]該句也是由分號隔開的兩個并列分句構成，第一個分句的主干是 Ms. Simmons was under fire (西蒙斯女士受到批評) by the end of 2009 (到 2009 年年底) 是時間狀語，for having sat on Goldman’s compensation committee (由于擔任高盛公司薪酬委員會委員)是 for 引導的原因狀語。第二個分句是個特殊疑問句: how could she have let those enormous bonus payouts pass unremarked? 這是考點所在，需注意(1) could have done 表示對過去發(fā)生事情的推測;(2)在 1et sth. pass(讓某物得以通過)中，pass 作賓語補足語;(3) unremarked 在本句是形容詞作伴隨狀語，修飾 pass，表示與之伴隨的狀況。本句的理解難點是疑問語氣與后面否定詞所蘊含的雙重否定，“她怎么能讓巨額獎金支出得以通過而未加注意呢?”弦外之意是“她應該注意到巨額獎金的支出”。

　　2. [精講]該句的主干是 it does not mean that…。前面是 Although 引導的讓步狀語從句，從句主干是 a correlation is suggestive，介詞短語 between…and…作后置定語，修飾限定 a correlation。mean 后接 that引導的賓語從句。賓語從句中 jumping off a sinking ship(跳離一艘正在下沉的船)，可以意譯為“拋棄處于危難之中的公司”。

　　3. [精講]該句的主干是 the researchers believe that…,believe 后面是 that 引導的賓語從句。賓語從句中主語是 outside directors，謂語是 have，賓語是 an easier time，其后是介詞短語 of avoiding a blow to their reputations(避免聲譽受損)作后置定語，修飾限定 time，接下來是 if 引導的條件狀語從句 if they leave a firm before bad news breaks(如果他們在壞消息傳出前就離開公司)，其中包含 before 引導的時間狀語從句，最后是 even if 引導的讓步狀語從句。在該讓步狀語從句中，主語是 a review of history，謂語動詞是 shows，賓語是省略了引導詞 that 的賓語從句。在此賓語從句中，they 是主語，were 是系動詞，表語是 on the board(在董事會)，其后是介詞短語 at the time any wrongdoing occurred 作時間狀語，其中包含省略了關系副詞 when 的定語從句 any wrongdoing occurred，修飾限定先行詞 the time。

　　4. [精講]本句是由 but 連接的并列復合句，兩個分句之間具有轉折關系。前一個分句比較簡單，whirlwind后是關系代詞 that 引導的定語從句，修飾限定先行詞 The whirlwind;后一個分句中，主語是 much of the damage，謂語是 has been concentrated in，areas 是介詞 in 的賓語，areas 后是 where 引導的定語從句，修飾限定先行詞 areas。

　　5. [精講]本句主干是 We tend to think of the decades as a time，其中 think of…as…表示“將……視作…… ”，是常見的搭配。immediately following World War II 是 decades 的后置定語，of prosperity and growth 是time 的后置定語。with soldiers returning home by the millions, going off to college on the G.I. Bill and lining up at the marriage bureaus 是 with 引導的伴隨狀語，說明當時的情形。G.I.Bill 的正式名稱是 the Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944，也就是《軍人安置法案》。該法案最先于二戰(zhàn)末期起草生效，給退伍美軍軍人提供免費的大學或者技校教育，以及一年的失業(yè)補助。

　　6. [精講]本句是由 and 連接的并列句。前一個分句中，主干是 Americans had learned to live with less(美國人學會了節(jié)衣縮食地生活)，句首 During the Depression and the war(在大蕭條和戰(zhàn)爭期間)是介詞短語作時間狀語。在后一個分句中，主干是 that restraint made housing stylish (這種克制使得房子成為時髦)，主語是 that restraint，謂語是 made，賓語是 housing, stylish 作賓語補足語;in combination with the postwar confidence in the future(與戰(zhàn)后對未來的信心相結合)是插入語，對 restraint 進行補充說明;small，efficient作定語修飾 housing; positively 作狀語修飾 stylish。

　　7. [精講]本句的主干是 they were popular;后面是 because of 引導的原因狀語，在原因狀語中 their airy glass walls，the views和the elegance是并列的名詞短語共同作because of的賓語;they afforded是修飾the views的定語從句，of the buildings’ details and proportions 是 the elegance 的后置定語;the architectural equivalent of the abstract art 是同位語，對前面并列的三個名詞作補充說明;句尾的形容詞短語 so popular at the time 作定語修飾 the abstract art。

　　8. [精講]本句的主干是 Markets have lost faith，后面是 that 引導的同位語從句，對 faith 的內容作解釋說明。在 that 引導的同位語從句中，主語是 the euro zone’s economies，謂語是 will converge，兩個逗號間的weaker or stronger(無論強弱)是插入語，對主語 economies 進行補充說明，one day 是時間狀語，后面的thanks to the discipline of sharing a single currency 是原因狀語，最后是關系代詞 which 引導的非限制性定語從句 which denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation，對前面的先行詞 the discipline作補充說明。在定語從句中，主語是 which，謂語動詞是 denies，后面是 denies 的雙賓語，即 deny sb. sth.(拒絕給予某人某物，不允許某人擁有某物或做某事)，denies uncompetitive members the quick fix of devaluation(不允許無競爭力的成員國采取貨幣貶值這一權宜之計，或者意譯為“避免那些缺乏競爭力的成員國采取貨幣貶值這一權宜之計”)。

　　9. [精講]本句是由分號隔開的兩個并列分句組成，第一個分句的主干是 It insists that…，that 引導賓語從句，賓語從句中包含一個關系代詞 whom 引導的非限制性定語從句，對先行詞 members 作進一步補充說明，其中介詞短語 for free-market liberalism and economic rigour(贊同自由市場主義和嚴格的經濟政策)作后置定語，修飾限定其前面的 a small majority;在第二個分句中，主干是 a small majority favour French interference, Germany fears 是插入語，in the inner core alone(單從核心成員來講)為狀語。

　　10. [精講]本句主干是 the European project is liberal，remarkably 是副詞作狀語修飾 liberal，冒號后面的部分是對冒號前句子的解釋說明，該部分主干是 its internal borders are far more open，過去分詞短語 built around a single market of 27 rich and poor countries 作原因狀語，介詞短語 to goods, capital and labour 作狀語，than any comparable trading area 是比較狀語。
　　(本文為跨考教育教研室老師原創(chuàng)，轉載請注明出處。)