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　　???????????? 2013考研英語命題趨勢之寫作

　　???????????? 2013考研英語命題趨勢之翻譯

2013考研英語命題趨勢分析之完形填空

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Section I ??Use of English

Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health.” But ---__1___some claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical fitness. Laughter does __2___short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, ___3_ heart rate and oxygen consumption. But because hard laughter is difficult to __4__, a good laugh is unlikely to have __5___ benefits the way, say, walking or jogging does.

__6__, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the __7__. Studies dating back to the 1930’s indicate that laughter__8___ muscles, decreasing muscle tone for up to 45 minutes after the laugh dies down.

Such bodily reaction might conceivably help _9__the effects of psychological stress. Anyway, the act of laughing probably does produce other types of ___10___ feedback, that improve an individual’s emotional state. __11____one classical theory of emotion, our feelings are partially rooted ____12___ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19^th century that humans do not cry ___13___they are sad but they become sad when the tears begin to flow.

Although sadness also ____14___ tears, evidence suggests that emotions can flow __15___ muscular responses. In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz Strack of the University of würzburg in Germany asked volunteers to __16___ a pen either with their teeth---thereby creating an artificial smile --- or with their lips, which would produce a(n) __17___ expression. Those forced to exercise their smiling muscles ___18___ more exuberantly to funny cartons than did those whose mouths were contracted in a frown, ____19___ that expressions may influence emotions rather than just the other way around __20__ , the physical act of laughter could improve mood.

1．[A]among?????? [B]except??????[C]despite?????? [D]like????????????? （語義邏輯）

2．[A]reflect??????? [B]demand?? ?[C]indicate??????[D]produce?????? ???（語義辨析）

3．[A]stabilizing??? [B]boosting???[C]impairing???[D]determining??? ???（語義搭配）

4．[A]transmit????? ?[B]sustain?????[C]evaluate?????[D]observe??????? ???（語義辨析）

5．[A]measurable?? [B]manageable??? [C]affordable???? [D]renewable?? （語義辨析）

6．[A]In turn?????? [B]In fact??????? ?[C]In addition???? [D]In brief?????? （語義邏輯）

7．[A]opposite???? [B]impossible????[C]average?????? ?[D]expected ?????（語義邏輯）

8．[A]hardens????? [B]weakens?????? [C]tightens????? ?[D]relaxes ???????（語義搭配）

9．[A]aggravate????[B]generate?????? [C]moderate???? ?[D]enhance ??????（語義搭配）

10．[A]physical??? [B]mental??????? [C]subconscious? [D]internal?????? （語義邏輯）

11．[A]Except for??[B]According to?? [C]Due to???????[D]As for??????? ?（語義辨析）

12．[A]with??????? ?[B]on?????????? [C]in?????????? [D]at? ?????????????????（固定搭配）

13．[A]unless????? ?[B]until????????? [C]if?????????? [D]because ????????????（語義邏輯）

14．[A]exhausts??? [B]follows??????? [C]precedes???? [D]suppresses????? ??(語義辨析)

15．[A]into??????? ??[B]from????????? [C]towards????? [D]beyond? ??????????(語義辨析）

16．[A]fetch??????? ?[B]bite????????? [C]pick??????? [D]hold???????????????? (語義辨析）

17．[A]disappointed ?[B]excited?????? [C]joyful?????? [D]indifferent????? ??(語義辨析）

18．[A]adapted????? [B]catered?????? [C]turned?????? [D]reacted?????????? ??(語義辨析）

19．[A]suggesting??? [B]requiring???? [C]mentioning?? [D]supposing?? ????(語義辨析）

20．[A]Eventually??? [B]Consequently? [C]Similarly??? [D]Conversely? ???(語義邏輯）

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